Standards · WCAG 2.2

SC 1.3.4 Level AA WCAG 2.1

Orientation

Content must not be locked to a single orientation — portrait or landscape — unless that orientation is essential. Users mounted to a wheelchair or holding a phone in a fixed grip can't rotate the device.

What it asks

If a website or app forces the device into portrait or landscape, users who have their phone or tablet mounted in a fixed orientation — wheelchair tray, hospital bed, ergonomic stand — are locked out. The site must adapt to whichever orientation the device is held in, unless the content fundamentally requires one (a piano keyboard, a check-deposit photo, an immersive VR experience).

How to meet it

  • Don’t use CSS like @media (orientation: portrait) { display: none; } to hide the site outside one orientation.
  • Avoid screen-orientation lock APIs (screen.orientation.lock('portrait')) on the web; on native, lock only when essential.
  • Build a responsive layout that works both orientations — flexbox and CSS grid handle this without special cases.
  • Test the site rotated on a real phone — many bugs only show on devices where the landscape viewport is short.
  • For essential orientations (a signature pad), tell the user clearly why and how to rotate.

Common failures

  • “Please rotate your device to portrait” overlay that blocks all content in landscape on tablets.
  • App that ships with android:screenOrientation="portrait" for no functional reason.
  • A banking site that works fine in portrait but renders a broken layout in landscape with no fix.
  • Onboarding flow that detects landscape and forces a “rotate your phone” interstitial.

Why it matters

Affects power-wheelchair users especially — a tablet on a wheelchair mount is fixed in one orientation. Also affects anyone using a phone one-handed with the screen lock on. Cheap to fix at design time, expensive to retrofit if the entire layout was built portrait-first.